The article presents the results of research on the effect of magnetic hyperthermia performed on agar gel samples containing magnetite nanoparticles coated with dextran polymers for different molar weight M (150 kDa, 70 kDa, and 40 kDa). Regardless of the difference in molar dextran weights, these samples differed in a mass concentration of nanoparticles in the ferrogel C0 (1.602 mg/cm3, 2.506 mg/cm3, 3.311 mg/cm3, and 4.218 mg/cm3). In the case of the highest magnetic field value H (20 kA·m−1), the specific loss power SPL reaches 70 W·g−1 for nanoparticles with 150 kDa dextran at a concentration of nanoparticles C0 = 1.602 mg/cm3. An oscillating magnetic field with an amplitude up to 20 kA·m−1 and a frequency of 357 kHz was used in the study.