Atomic Resolution Structure of a Protein Prepared by Non-Enzymatic His-Tag Removal. Crystallographic and NMR Study of GmSPI-2 Inhibitor

Publish Year: 2014
Publisher:  PLOS One, 2014, 9(9), e106936
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E. Kopera, W. Bal, M. L. Živkovič, A. Dvornyk, B. Kludkiewicz, K. Grzelak, I. Zhukov, W. Zagórski-Ostoja, M. Jaskolski, S. Krzywda
Purification of suitable quantity of homogenous protein is very often the bottleneck in protein structural studies. Overexpression of a desired gene and attachment of enzymatically cleavable affinity tags to the protein of interest made a breakthrough in this field. Here we describe the structure of Galleria mellonella silk proteinase inhibitor 2 (GmSPI-2) determined both by X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy methods. GmSPI-2 was purified using a new method consisting in non-enzymatic His-tag removal based on a highly specific peptide bond cleavage reaction assisted by Ni(II) ions. The X-ray crystal structure of GmSPI-2 was refined against diffraction data extending to 0.98 Å resolution measured at 100 K using synchrotron radiation. Anisotropic refinement with the removal of stereochemical restraints for the well-ordered parts of the structure converged with R factor of 10.57% and Rfree of 12.91%. The 3D structure of GmSPI-2 protein in solution was solved on the basis of 503 distance constraints, 10 hydrogen bonds and 26 torsion angle restraints. It exhibits good geometry and side-chain packing parameters. The models of the protein structure obtained by X-ray diffraction and NMR spectroscopy are very similar to each other and reveal the same β2αβ fold characteristic for Kazal-family serine proteinase inhibitors.

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